Processing of Images Based on Machine Learning to Avoid Unauthorized Entry

The proposal of a facial recognition system to increase security, through facial recognition with multiple utilities such as facilitating the access of people with adequate protection measures in times of Covid-19, as well as security when seeking to hide their identity. The methodology considers the use of tools such as Python and OpenCV, as well as models such as Eigen Faces, Fisher Faces, and LBPH Faces, as units of analysis are considered photographs and portions of the video that capture facial expressions that then their patterns are trained with facial recognition algorithms. The results obtained show that the LBPH Faces obtained confidence values lower than 70, with a 95% certainty of recognition and a shorter recognition time, improving the accuracy of facial recognition, also with the increase of the data was achieved to improve the accuracy of recognition as well as improve confidence regarding the safety of people. © 2022 IEEE.

B-CELL MALIGNANCIES TREATED WITH TARGETED DRUGS AND SARS-COV-2 INFECTION. A EUROPEAN HEMATOLOGY ASSOCIATION SURVEY (EPICOVIDEHA)

Background: Patients with lymphoproliferatie diseases (LPD) appear particularly ulnerable to SARS-CoV-2 infection, partly because of the effects of the anti-neoplastic regimens (chemotherapy, signaling pathway inhibitors, and monoclonal antibodies) on the immune system. The real impact of COVID-19 on the life expectancy of patients with different subtypes of lymphoma and targeted treatment is still unknown. Aims: The aim of this study is to describe and analyse the outcome of COVID-19 patients with underlying LPD treated with targeted drugs such as monoclonal antibodies (obinutuzumab, ofatumumab, brentuximab, niolumab or pembrolizumab), BTK inhibitors (ibrutinib, acalabrutinib), PI3K inhibitors (idelalisib), BCL2 inhibitors (enetoclax) and IMIDs, (lenalidomide). Methods: The surey was supported by EPICOVIDEHA registry. Adult patients with baseline CLL or non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL) treated with targeted drugs and laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 diagnosed between January 2020 and January 2022 were selected. Results: The study included 368 patients (CLL n=205, 55.7%;NHL n=163, 44.3%) treated with targeted drugs (Table 1). Median follow-up was 70.5 days (range 19-159). Most used targeted drugs were ITKs (51.1%), anti-CD20 other than rituximab (16%), BCL2 inhibitors (7.3%) and lenalidomide (7.9%). Of note, only 16.0% of the patients were accinated with 2 or more doses of accine at the onset of COVID-19. Pulmonary symptoms were present at diagnosis in 244 patients (66.2%). Seere COVID-19 was obsered in 47.8 % patients while 21.7% were admitted to to intensie care unit (ICU), being 55 (26.8%) CLL patients and 25 (15.3%) NHL patients. More comorbidities were reported in patients with seere-critical COVID-19 compared to those with mild- asymptomatic infection (p=0.002). This difference was releant in patients with chronic heart diseases (p=0.005). Oerall, 134 patients (36.4%) died. Primary cause of death was COVID-19 in 92 patients (68.7%), LPD in 14 patients (10.4%), and a combination of both in 28 patients (20.9%).Mortality was 24.2% (89/368) at day 30 and 34.5%(127/368) at day 200. After a Cox multiariable regression age >75 years (p<0.001, HR 1.030), actie malignancy (p=0.011, HR 1.574) and admission to ICU (p<0.00, HR 4.624) were obsered as risk factors. Surial in patients admitted to ICU was 33.7% (LLC 38.1%, NHL 24%). Mortality rate decreased depending on accination status, being 34.2% in not accinated patients, 15.9-18% with one or two doses, decreasing to 9.7% in patients with booster dose (p<0.001). There was no difference in OS in NLH s CLL patients (p=0.344), nor in ITKs s no ITKs treated patients (p=0.987). Additionally, mortality rate dropped from the first semester 2020 (41.3%) to last semester 2021 (25%). Summary/Conclusion: - Our results confirm that patients with B--mallignancies treatted with targeted drugs hae a high risk off seere infection (47.8%) and mortality (36.4%) from COVID-19. - Pressence of comorbidities,, especially heart disease,, is a risk factor for seere COVIID--19 infection in ourr series. - Age >75 years,, actie mallignancy att COVIID--19 onset and ICU admission were mortality risk factors. - COVIID--19 acination was a protectie factor for mortality,, een iin this popullation wiitth humorall immunity impairment. - The learning cure in the management of the infection throughout the pandemiic and the deelopmentt off COVIID--19 treatments showed benefit in this partticullarlly ullnerablle popullation? (Table Presented).

[Translated article] Sexually Transmitted Infections During the First Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Spain☆ Infecciones de transmisión sexual (ITS) durante el estado de alarma por la pandemia de COVID-19 en España

Objective To describe changes in sexually transmitted infection (STI) diagnoses during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Spain. Material and methods We collected demographic, chronological, and clinical data for all patients seen for a possible STI at Hospital La Paz, Centro Sanitario Sandaval, and Centro de Diagnóstico Médico in Madrid and Hospital Costa del Sol in Malaga between March 14, 2020 and June 30, 2020. Results We identified 674 STI diagnoses. The median age of the patients was 33 years. Most cases were observed among people aged 30 to 40 years and among men who have sex with men. The most common diagnoses were proctitis (36.5%), syphilis (16%), nongonococcal (13.3%) and gonococcal (11.3%) urethritis, genital herpes (8.8%), vulvovaginitis/cervicitis (8.3%), and genital warts (4.2%). A microbiologically confirmed diagnosis was on record for 77% of cases. The main microorganisms identified were Chlamydia trachomatis (35.7%), Neisseria gonorrhoeae (31.4%), and Treponema pallidum (17.2%). The number of STI diagnoses increased after the easing of lockdown restrictions, which resulted in greater freedom of movement and more consultations. On comparing the 2019 and 2020 STI registries from Centro Sanitario Sandoval and Hospital La Paz for the period March to June, we observed reductions (of up to 81%) in all STI diagnoses. Conclusions Physical distancing and movement restrictions appear to have resulted in a reduction in the incidence of STIs, although these measures did not completely eliminate sexual risk behaviors.

[Structural capacity, technological human resources and mechanical ventilation requirements in 58 intensive care units in Argentina during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. A SATICOVID-19 Study]

During the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, there was a marked requirement for critical care beds, supplies and trained professionals to assist patients with severe respiratory failure. The Argentine Society of Intensive Care (SATI) designed a study to characterize these aspects in intensive care units (ICUs). Multicenter, prospective cohort study;the participating ICUs completed a form at the end of the study (31/10/2020) on hospital characteristics, number of beds in pre- and intra-pandemic critical areas, incorporation of professionals, technological resources, and workload. Fifty-eight ICUs participated;28(48%) were located in Buenos Aires Province, 22(38%) in Buenos Aires Autonomous City and 10 (17%) in other provinces;31 (53%) of UCIs belonged to the public sector;23 (47%) to the private-social security. In 35/58 (60%) of the hospitals critical care beds increased from 902 to 1575 (75%), 37% in ICU and 63% mainly in Coronary Care Unit and Emergency-shock room. In 41/55 (75%) UCIs, staff were incorporated: 27(49%) physicians (70% intensivists), 36 (65%) nurses, 28 (51%) respiratory therapists, 20(36%) cleaning staff, and 1(2%) others. A 96% of the ICUS reported having sufficient ventilators and 95% enough supplies and PPE. Of all patients on invasive mechanical ventilation, 55% [43-64] had COVID-19. Oxygen therapy was required as noninvasive support in 14% [8-24] of COVID-19 admissions. There was a significant expansion of critical operational areas, secondary to the increase in beds, staff, and adequate availability of ventilators and essential supplies. The burden of critical illness from COVID-19 was intense, with more than half of patients on mechanical ventilation.

Are the chilblain-like lesions observed during the COVID-19 pandemic due to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2? Systematic review and meta-analysis.

The expansion of the COVID-19 pandemic has been accompanied by numerous reports of chilblain-like lesions (CLL) in different countries; however, the pathogenesis of these lesions is still unclear. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the prevalence of COVID-19 (diagnosed using PCR and/or serology) in patients with CLL. We undertook a literature search in PubMed, Embase, and Scopus (to 15 March 2021), including studies that reported on the number of patients with CLL with positive PCR and/or serology for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) or with a clinical suspicion of COVID-19. Regardless of data heterogeneity, a random-effects model was used to pool prevalence estimates. The meta-analysis included 63 original studies, involving 2919 cases of CLL. A subgroup of these patients underwent diagnostic tests for COVID-19 (PCR: n = 1154, 39.5%; serology: n = 943, 32.3%). The pooled prevalence of COVID-19 in the overall sample and in the subgroup who were tested for COVID-19 was, respectively: (i) positive PCR: 2.6% [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.9% to 3.4%] and 5.5% (95% CI, 3.7-7.7%); (ii) positive serology for SARS-CoV-2: 7.2% (95% CI, 4.7-10.2%) and 11.8% (95% CI, 7.9-16.3%); and (iii) positive PCR and/or serology, 15.2% (95% CI, 10.4-20.7%) and 7.5% (95% CI, 5.1-10.3%). Altogether, a small proportion of diagnostic tests for SARS-CoV-2, both PCR and serologies, show positive results in patients with CLL.

Sexually Transmitted Infections During the First Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Spain.

OBJECTIVE: To describe changes in sexually transmitted infection (STI) diagnoses during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Spain. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We collected demographic, chronological, and clinical data for all patients seen for a possible STI at Hospital La Paz, Centro Sanitario Sandaval, and Centro de Diagnóstico Médico in Madrid and Hospital Costa del Sol in Malaga between March 14, 2020 and June 30, 2020. RESULTS: We identified 674 STI diagnoses. The median age of the patients was 33 years. Most cases were observed among people aged 30 to 40 years and among men who have sex with men. The most common diagnoses were proctitis (36.5%), syphilis (16%), nongonococcal (13.3%) and gonococcal (11.3%) urethritis, genital herpes (8.8%), vulvovaginitis/cervicitis (8.3%), and genital warts (4.2%). A microbiologically confirmed diagnosis was on record for 77% of cases. The main microorganisms identified wereChlamydia trachomatis (35.7%), Neisseria gonorrhoeae (31.4%), and Treponema pallidum (17.2%). The number of STI diagnoses increased after the easing of lockdown restrictions, which resulted in greater freedom of movement and more consultations. On comparing the 2019 and 2020 STI registries from Centro Sanitario Sandoval and Hospital La Paz for the period March to June, we observed reductions (of up to 81%) in all STI diagnoses. CONCLUSIONS: Physical distancing and movement restrictions appear to have resulted in a reduction in the incidence of STIs, although these measures did not completely eliminate sexual risk behaviors.

OBJETIVO: Describir los cambios en el comportamiento de las ITS durante la situación de alerta sanitaria por la pandemia SARS-CoV-2. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Se recogieron datos demográficos, cronológicos y clínicos de todos los pacientes que solicitaron atención médica por ITS en los hospitales La Paz y Costa del Sol, y los Centros Sandoval y de Diagnóstico Médico entre el 14/03/2020 y el 30/06/2020. RESULTADOS: Documentamos 674 casos de ITS. La mediana de edad fue de 33 años. El mayor porcentaje de casos se dio en el rango de 30-40 años y en hombres que tenían sexo con hombres. Los diagnósticos más frecuentes fueron: proctitis (36,5%), sífilis (16%), uretritis no gonocócica (13,3%) y gonocócica (11,3%), herpes genital (8,8%), vulvovaginitis/cervicitis (8,3%) y condilomas (4,2%).En 77% de los casos hubo confirmación microbiológica, siendo los microorganismos más frecuentes Chlamydia trachomatis (35,7%), Neisseria gonorrhoeae (31,4%) y Treponema pallidum (17,2%).Se constató un incremento del número de casos de ITS tras el desconfinamiento, explicable por las mayores libertades y el aumento de consultas. Comparando los registros de ITS del Centro Sandoval y el Hospital La Paz en los cuatrimestres de marzo a junio de 2019 frente a 2020, se observó una disminución en 2020 de todos los diagnósticos, de hasta un 81% menos que en 2019. CONCLUSIONES: Las medidas de distanciamiento y limitación de movilidad aparentemente generaron una disminución de la incidencia de ITS, pero sin llegar a una inhibición completa de las conductas sexuales de riesgo.

Immediacy in the response of high-impact information science journals to Covid-19

Immediacy in times of crisis involves sharing research findings expeditiously, the socialization of results must be intertwined with ethics and scientific responsibility. The purpose of the article is to examine the immediacy in the response of high impact information science journals to the Covid-19 pandemic. An empirical-inductive approach was assumed, 88 high-impact information science journals were evaluated classified in the 2 main Scopus quartiles (Q1: 43 and Q2: 45), their web pages were revised, establishing as criteria: evidence of information on covid-19 published at the date in open access. 17 journals referring to the pandemic were finally identified, some extending the deadlines, others calling numbers and others granting remote access to their institutional subscribers. However, in terms of immediacy, only two of them have immediately published the documents received and present content related to Covid-19 in open access. It is concluded that it is necessary to improve the response of magazines in other areas, since it is just in the first scenario, it remains to wait for the new normal. © 2021. All Rights Reserved.

VIRTUALITY IN UNIVERSITY EDUCATION AND THE TEACHING-LEARNING PROCESS IN HEALTH SCIENCE CAREERS

Combining face-to-face and virtuality based on the progressive integration of Information and Communication Technologies in the context of higher education in health sciences and its management, constitutes a challenge and a necessity in view of the continuous improvement of curricula and the dynamism of an environment marked by the health crisis of COVID 19 without affecting the quality of the educational teaching process or the student's training during the teaching-learning process. The general objective of the research is: to determine the relationship between the virtuality of education and the university formation of the students of the Universidad Catdlica Los Angeles de Chimbote, Peru. The statistical reliability test of the instruments developed is developed, the validity through expert judgment and the reliability of Cronbach's alpha;to determine the correlation of the variables, the Rho Spearman statistical test is used. Two questionnaires were applied, the first to 36 students to measure the virtuality of education and the second to 13 teachers to determine the university education of the 36 students. Among the main results, it can be seen that most of the students consider virtuality in education as good and their teaching results and scientific activity is also good.

Telemedicine during the covid-19 pandemic

Telemedicine worldwide and in Mexico has been very useful during the COVID-19 pandemic. Being able to provide health care services where distance is a critical factor, at a time when health services are saturated, and where face-to-face care implies a risk for both the health care provider and the patients, it has been indispensable during the pandemic. The speed with which telemedicine services have been implemented globally has been very different. There are still great challenges to be solved in order to provide this type of care worldwide. It should be noted that telemedicine complements patient care, rather than replacing the usual face-to-face care.

1061P Safety of cemiplimab for advanced cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma: The Spanish named patient programme

Background: Cemiplimab is a programmed cell death receptor-1 inhibitor with antitumour activity for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) and acceptable safety proved in its pivotal trial. We provide the first data on cemiplimab safety in daily practice from the named patient programme (NPP) for advanced CSCC in Spain. Methods: This cemiplimab NPP was performed from March 2019 to March 2020. It included patients aged ≥18 years with advanced CSCC and ineligible for surgery, radiation therapy or clinical trials. The cemiplimab safety was assessed according to treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) reported until March 2021. Results: 140 patients were included (median age [interquartile range, IQR] 77.0 [65.0-84.0] years;age ≥80 38%;men 71.7%;≥1 comorbidity 83%;ECOG 0-1 86.3%;locally advanced CSCC 60.7%;cemiplimab as first-line therapy 67.7%). Cemiplimab was received for a median (IQR) of 8.0 (3.0-14.0) cycles. Fifty-eight (41.4%) patients showed ≥1 of the 163 TEAEs reported, which most frequently included diarrhoea n=7, asthenia n=6, constipation n=4 and abdominal pain n=4. Fourteen (8.6%) were immune-mediated, mainly bronchitis n=2, pneumonitis n=2 and hepatitis n=2. Seventy-eight (47.9%) TEAEs were grade ≥3, most frequently pneumonia n=3, COVID-19 n=3, general physical health deterioration n=2, pyrexia n=2, renal transplant failure n=2, sepsis n=2, acute kidney injury n=2 and respiratory failure n=2. Twenty-one (12.9%) were treatment-related (TREAEs): 11 (6.7%) were grade 1-2 (diarrhoea n=3 and asthenia, hepatotoxicity, malnutrition, odynophagia, polymyalgia rheumatica, pneumonitis, pruritus, and skin toxicity), 9 (5.5%) grade 3 (acute kidney injury, adrenal insufficiency, abdominal pain, blood creatinine increased, dysphagia, haematuria, immune-mediated enterocolitis, panniculitis, surgical wound infection) and 1 (0.6%) unknown grade. Cemiplimab was withdrawn due to TREAEs in only 5 (3.6%) patients. The TEAE outcome was fatal in 29 (17.8%);none related to cemiplimab. Conclusions: This NPP supports the real-life safety of cemiplimab for CSCC, showing an acceptable safety profile consistent with previous reports. Editorial acknowledgement: Editorial assistance was provided by Esther Álvarez-García at Dynamic Science S.L., funded by Sanofi. Legal entity responsible for the study: Sanofi. Funding: Sanofi. Disclosure: E. Muñoz Couselo: Financial Interests, Personal, Advisory Board: Amgen;Financial Interests, Personal, Advisory Board: Bristol-Myers Squibb;Financial Interests, Personal, Advisory Board: Merck Sharp & Dohme;Financial Interests, Personal, Advisory Board: Novartis;Financial Interests, Personal, Advisory Board: Pierre Fabre;Financial Interests, Personal, Advisory Board: Roche;Financial Interests, Personal, Advisory Board: Sanofi;Financial Interests, Personal, Other, Honoraria: Amgen;Financial Interests, Personal, Other, Honoraria: Bristol-Myers Squibb;Financial Interests, Personal, Other, Honoraria: Merck Sharp & Dohme;Financial Interests, Personal, Other, Honoraria: Novartis;Financial Interests, Personal, Other, Honoraria: Pierre Fabre;Financial Interests, Personal, Other, Honoraria: Roche;Financial Interests, Personal, Principal Investigator: Amgen;Financial Interests, Personal, Principal Investigator: Bristol-Myers Squibb;Financial Interests, Personal, Principal Investigator: GlaxoSmithKline;Financial Interests, Personal, Principal Investigator: Merck Sharp & Dohme;Financial Interests, Personal, Principal Investigator: Novartis;Financial Interests, Personal, Principal Investigator: Pierre Fabre;Financial Interests, Personal, Principal Investigator: Roche;Financial Interests, Personal, Principal Investigator: Sanofi. A. Soria: Financial Interests, Personal, Invited Speaker: Novartis;Financial Interests, Personal, Invited Speaker: Sanofi Aventis;Financial Interests, Personal, Invited Speaker: Roche Pharma;Financial Interests, Personal, Invited Speaker: Merck Serono;Financial Interests, Personal, Invited Speaker: Merck Sharp & Dohme;Financial Interests, Perso al, Invited Speaker: Bristol-Myers Squibb;Financial Interests, Personal, Invited Speaker: Pierre Fabre;Financial Interests, Personal, Advisory Board: Novartis;Financial Interests, Personal, Advisory Board: Sanofi Aventis;Financial Interests, Personal, Advisory Board: Roche Pharma;Financial Interests, Personal, Advisory Board: Merck Serono;Financial Interests, Personal, Advisory Board: Merck Sharp & Dohme;Financial Interests, Personal, Advisory Board: Bristol-Myers Squibb;Financial Interests, Personal, Advisory Board: Pierre Fabre;Financial Interests, Personal, Principal Investigator: Novartis;Financial Interests, Personal, Principal Investigator: Sanofi Aventis;Financial Interests, Personal, Principal Investigator: Roche Pharma;Financial Interests, Personal, Principal Investigator: Merck Serono;Financial Interests, Personal, Principal Investigator: Merck Sharp & Dohme;Financial Interests, Personal, Principal Investigator: Bristol-Myers Squibb;Financial Interests, Personal, Principal Investigator: Pierre Fabre. O. Sanmartin: Financial Interests, Personal, Invited Speaker: Sanofi Genzyme;Financial Interests, Personal, Advisory Board: Sanofi Genzyme;Financial Interests, Personal, Officer: Sanofi Genzyme;Financial Interests, Personal, Principal Investigator: Sanofi Genzyme;Financial Interests, Personal, Invited Speaker: Roche Pharma;Financial Interests, Personal, Advisory Board: Roche Pharma;Financial Interests, Personal, Officer: Roche Pharma;Financial Interests, Personal, Principal Investigator: Roche Pharma. J. Cañueto: Financial Interests, Personal, Invited Speaker: Hoffman-La Roche;Financial Interests, Personal, Invited Speaker: Sanofi-Genzyme;Financial Interests, Personal, Invited Speaker: AbbVie;Financial Interests, Personal, Invited Speaker: LeoPharma;Financial Interests, Personal, Other, Consultancy: Sanofi-Genzyme;Financial Interests, Personal, Other, Consultancy: InflaRx;Financial Interests, Personal, Other, Consultancy: Almirall. S. Beá Ardébol: Financial Interests, Personal, Invited Speaker: Meda;Financial Interests, Personal, Advisory Board: Sanofi;Financial Interests, Personal, Advisory Board: SunPharma;Financial Interests, Personal, Other, Trial subinvestigator: Sanofi Aventis;Financial Interests, Personal, Other, Trial subinvestigator: SunPharma;Financial Interests, Personal, Other, Trial subinvestigator: PellePharma. R. Fernández-de-Misa Cabrera: Financial Interests, Personal, Advisory Board: Sanofi. A.J. Cunquero-Tomás: Financial Interests, Personal, Invited Speaker: BMS;Financial Interests, Personal, Invited Speaker: Pierre-Fabre;Financial Interests, Personal, Writing Engagements: Sanofi;Financial Interests, Personal, Other, 2021 EADO/WMC Congress inscription fee: Sanofi. L. Fernández Franco: Non-Financial Interests, Personal, Invited Speaker: Merck;Non-Financial Interests, Personal, Invited Speaker: Sanofi;Non-Financial Interests, Personal, Invited Speaker: Servier. I. Romero: Financial Interests, Personal, Invited Speaker: Pharmamar;Financial Interests, Personal, Invited Speaker: Roche;Financial Interests, Personal, Invited Speaker: GSK;Financial Interests, Personal, Invited Speaker: Clovis;Financial Interests, Personal, Invited Speaker: AstraZeneca;Financial Interests, Personal, Advisory Board: Pharmamar;Financial Interests, Personal, Advisory Board: Roche;Financial Interests, Personal, Advisory Board: GSK;Financial Interests, Personal, Advisory Board: Clovis;Financial Interests, Personal, Advisory Board: AstraZeneca. J. Medina Martínez: Non-Financial Interests, Personal, Invited Speaker: Roche;Non-Financial Interests, Personal, Speaker’s Bureau: Roche;Non-Financial Interests, Personal, Advisory Board: Roche;Non-Financial Interests, Personal, Invited Speaker: Novartis;Non-Financial Interests, Personal, Speaker’s Bureau: Novartis;Non-Financial Interests, Personal, Advisory Board: Novartis;Non-Financial Interests, Personal, Invited Speaker: BMS;Non-Financial Interests, Personal, Speaker’s Bureau: BMS;Non-Financial Interests, Personal, Ad isory Board: BMS;Non-Financial Interests, Personal, Invited Speaker: MSD;Non-Financial Interests, Personal, Speaker’s Bureau: MSD;Non-Financial Interests, Personal, Invited Speaker: Pierre Fabre;Non-Financial Interests, Personal, Speaker’s Bureau: Pierre Fabre;Non-Financial Interests, Personal, Advisory Board: Pierre Fabre;Non-Financial Interests, Personal, Invited Speaker: Merk;Non-Financial Interests, Personal, Speaker’s Bureau: Merk;Non-Financial Interests, Personal, Invited Speaker: Sanofi;Non-Financial Interests, Personal, Speaker’s Bureau: Sanofi;Non-Financial Interests, Personal, Advisory Board: Sanofi;Non-Financial Interests, Personal, Invited Speaker: Servier. All other authors have declared no conflicts of interest.

[Sexually Transmitted Infections During the First Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Spain]. / Infecciones de transmisión sexual (ITS) durante el estado de alarma por la pandemia de COVID-19 en España.

OBJECTIVE: To describe changes in sexually transmitted infection (STI) diagnoses during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Spain. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We collected demographic, chronological, and clinical data for all patients seen for a possible STI at Hospital La Paz, Centro Sanitario Sandoval, and Centro de Diagnóstico Médico in Madrid and Hospital Costa del Sol in Malaga between March 14, 2020 and June 30, 2020. RESULTS: We identified 674 STI diagnoses. The median age of the patients was 33 years. Most cases were observed among people aged 30 to 40 years and among men who have sex with men. The most common diagnoses were proctitis (36.5%), syphilis (16%), nongonococcal (13.3%) and gonococcal (11.3%) urethritis, genital herpes (8.8%), vulvovaginitis/cervicitis (8.3%), and genital warts (4.2%). A microbiologically confirmed diagnosis was on record for 77% of cases. The main microorganisms identified were Chlamydia trachomatis (35.7%), Neisseria gonorrhoeae (31.4%) and Treponema pallidum (17.2%). The number of STI diagnoses increased after the easing of lockdown restrictions, which resulted in greater freedom of movement and more consultations. On comparing the 2019 and 2020 STI registries from Centro Sanitario Sandoval and Hospital La Paz for the period March to June, we observed reductions (of up to 81%) in all STI diagnoses. CONCLUSIONS: Physical distancing and movement restrictions appear to have resulted in a reduction in the incidence of STIs, although these measures did not completely eliminate sexual risk behaviors.

Secondary infections in mechanically ventilated patients with COVID-19: An overlooked matter?

OBJECTIVE: The susceptibility to infection probably increases in COVID-19 patients due to a combination of virusand drug-induced immunosuppression. The reported rate of secondary infections was quite low in previous studies. The objectives of our study were to investigate the rate of secondary infections, risk factors for secondary infections and risk factors for mortality in COVID-19 critically ill patients. METHODS: We performed a single-center retrospective study in mechanically ventilated critically ill COVID-19 patients admitted to our Critical Care Unit (CCU). We recorded the patients' demographic data; clinical data; microbiology data and incidence of secondary infection during CCU stay, including ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) and nosocomial bacteremia (primary and secondary). RESULTS: A total of 107 patients with a mean age 62.2 ± 10.6 years were included. Incidence of secondary infection during CCU stay was 43.0% (46 patients), including nosocomial bacteremia (34 patients) and VAP (35 patients). Age was related to development of secondary infection (65.2 ± 7.3 vs. 59.9 ± 12.2 years, p=0.007). Age ≥ 65 years and secondary infection were independent predictors of mortality (OR=2.692, 95% CI 1.068-6.782, p<0.036; and OR=3.658, 95% CI 1.385- 9.660, p=0.009, respectively). The hazard ratio for death within 90 days in the ≥ 65 years group and in patients infected by antimicrobial resistant pathogens was 1.901 (95% CI 1.198- 3.018; p= 0.005 by log-rank test) and 1.787 (95% CI 1.023-3.122; p= 0.036 by log-rank test), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that the incidence of secondary infection and infection by antimicrobial resistant pathogens is very high in critically ill patients with COVID-19 with a significant impact on prognosis.

Challenges of health emergency in the face of research training

In the context of the Covid-19 pandemic, the encounters and disagreements from the students' perspective on expectations, access conditions, connectivity, management of technological tools are analyzed. From the experiential introspective epistemological approach and related methods, categories aimed at decision-making emerge in the construction of didactic planning for research training, where the face-to-face modality is transferred to the only viable possibility. Dialogue with educational actors is essential to minimize the psychological impact and risks to the new normality, protecting the right to education. © 2020, Universidad del Zulia. All rights reserved.